All diseases
🦠
Mosquito-borne virus
Yellow Fever
Transmitted by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical regions of Africa and South America.
Symptoms
Initial phase: fever, headache, muscle pain, nausea. Toxic phase (15% of cases): jaundice, bleeding, organ failure. Case fatality 20–50% in toxic phase.
Treatment
No specific antiviral treatment. Supportive intensive care for severe cases. Prevention through vaccination is critical.
Endemic regions
High risk
Moderate risk
Low risk
No risk
Drag to rotate · hover a country for its risk level
Tropical regions of Africa (sub-Saharan) and South America (Amazon basin, surrounding areas).
Prevention & prophylaxis
💉
Yellow fever vaccine (YF-VAX / Stamaril)
Single dose provides lifelong protection — no booster needed (WHO 2013). Must be administered at an approved vaccination center. International Certificate of Vaccination (yellow card) required for entry into many African and South American countries. Administer ≥10 days before travel.
🛡️
Mosquito avoidance
Use DEET-based repellent, permethrin-treated clothing, and bed nets. Yellow fever mosquitoes bite during the day. Vaccination remains the primary and most effective prevention.